The United States Mint accounts for nearly all obligations in this NAICS, followed by smaller activity from the Defense Logistics Agency and the Department of the Navy. Recent annual totals remained above $1.25 billion each year from 2021 through 2025, with the highest level in 2022.
NAICS Industry
NAICS 331410 Federal Contract Obligations (Last 10 Years)
Federal procurement activity under NAICS 331410 covers nonferrous metal smelting and refining, with $11.12 billion obligated across 2,408 actions in the last 10 years.
Figures reflect the last 10 years of FPDS-observed obligations for NAICS 331410 and may include repeated awards to the same vendors or agencies.
NAICS Code
331410
Industry
NONFERROUS METAL (EXCEPT ALUMINUM) SMELTING AND REFINING
Total Obligated
11.12 billion
11,123,796,579.95
Award Actions
2,408
Average Action Value
4,619,516.85
About NAICS 331410 federal contract activity
NAICS 331410 covers nonferrous metal, excluding aluminum, smelting and refining. Over the last 10 years, FPDS records show $11.12 billion in obligated spending across 2,408 awards, with an average award value of $4.62 million.
Agency demand and leading federal buyers
The United States Mint accounts for nearly all activity in this NAICS, with $11.10 billion across 2,063 awards. The remaining obligations are distributed across a small set of agencies, led by the Defense Logistics Agency, the Department of the Navy, NASA, and the Department of the Army, each representing a comparatively minor share of total spending.
Vendor concentration and leading contractors
Vendor concentration is high. INTL FCSTONE LTD leads by a wide margin with $5.58 billion across 1,639 awards, followed by Sunshine Minting, Inc. at $1.94 billion and Stonex Financial Ltd at $1.40 billion; the presence of the same CAGE code for INTL FCSTONE LTD and Stonex Financial Ltd suggests a related reporting identity in the underlying data.
Annual contract trend over the analysis window
Annual obligations were elevated throughout the most recent five years shown, ranging from $1.26 billion in 2025 to a peak of $2.05 billion in 2022. After 2022, obligations declined to $1.98 billion in 2023, $1.30 billion in 2024, and $1.26 billion in 2025, while award counts also eased from 459 in 2022 to 358 in 2025.
How to interpret this page
This page summarizes FPDS obligations tied to NAICS 331410 over the last 10 years. Agency, vendor, and annual trend figures are based on obligated dollars and award counts in the dataset provided, and totals reflect recorded FPDS activity rather than industry-wide market size.
Top Agencies
SELECT
agency_id,
agency_name,
total_obligated,
award_count,
formatReadableQuantity(total_obligated) AS total_obligated_readable
FROM
(
SELECT
content__award__purchaserInformation__contractingOfficeAgencyID AS agency_id,
anyHeavy(content__award__purchaserInformation__contractingOfficeAgencyID__name) AS agency_name,
sum(content__award__dollarValues__obligatedAmount) AS total_obligated,
count() AS award_count
FROM fpds.data
WHERE
contract_type = 1
AND content__award__productOrServiceInformation__principalNAICSCode = '331410'
AND content__award__purchaserInformation__contractingOfficeAgencyID IS NOT NULL
AND content__award__purchaserInformation__contractingOfficeAgencyID != ''
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) >= toStartOfYear(now()) - INTERVAL 10 YEAR
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) < toStartOfYear(now())
GROUP BY agency_id
)
ORDER BY total_obligated DESC
LIMIT 10| Agency ID | Agency Name | Total Obligated | Readable | Award Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2044 | UNITED STATES MINT | 11,100,070,070.45 | 11.10 billion | 2,063 |
| 97AS | DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY | 16,402,636.51 | 16.40 million | 61 |
| 1700 | DEPT OF THE NAVY | 11,614,685.99 | 11.61 million | 229 |
| 8000 | NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION | 323,988.68 | 323.99 thousand | 12 |
| 2100 | DEPT OF THE ARMY | 189,815.00 | 189.81 thousand | 12 |
| 1900 | STATE, DEPARTMENT OF | 136,435.09 | 136.44 thousand | 4 |
| 5700 | DEPT OF THE AIR FORCE | 131,630.46 | 131.63 thousand | 7 |
| 1341 | NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY | 40,106.19 | 40.11 thousand | 4 |
| 1425 | BUREAU OF RECLAMATION | 17,011.83 | 17.01 thousand | 1 |
| 6947 | SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION | 6,906.00 | 6.91 thousand | 1 |
Insight
Obligations under NAICS 331410 are highly concentrated in the UNITED STATES MINT, which accounts for $11.10 billion of the $11.12 billion obligated over the last 10 years and 2,063 of 2,408 awards. The next largest agencies—DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY and DEPT OF THE NAVY—are materially smaller at $16.40 million and $11.61 million, respectively, indicating a steep drop-off after the Mint. All remaining agencies each received less than $0.4 million, showing that procurement activity in this NAICS is overwhelmingly centered in a single agency with limited distributed spending elsewhere.
Top Vendors
SELECT
vendor_name,
cage_code,
total_obligated,
award_count,
formatReadableQuantity(total_obligated) AS total_obligated_readable
FROM
(
SELECT
content__award__vendor__vendorHeader__vendorName AS vendor_name,
anyHeavy(content__award__vendor__vendorSiteDetails__entityIdentifiers__cageCode) AS cage_code,
sum(content__award__dollarValues__obligatedAmount) AS total_obligated,
count() AS award_count
FROM fpds.data
WHERE
contract_type = 1
AND content__award__productOrServiceInformation__principalNAICSCode = '331410'
AND content__award__vendor__vendorHeader__vendorName IS NOT NULL
AND content__award__vendor__vendorHeader__vendorName != ''
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) >= toStartOfYear(now()) - INTERVAL 10 YEAR
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) < toStartOfYear(now())
GROUP BY vendor_name
)
ORDER BY total_obligated DESC
LIMIT 10| Vendor | CAGE Code | Total Obligated | Readable | Award Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INTL FCSTONE LTD | U1MU4 | 5,577,976,211.28 | 5.58 billion | 1,639 |
| SUNSHINE MINTING, INC. | 1XMQ7 | 1,941,180,134.48 | 1.94 billion | 164 |
| STONEX FINANCIAL LTD | U1MU4 | 1,401,617,115.34 | 1.40 billion | 90 |
| TORONTO-DOMINION BANK, THE | L03P3 | 709,324,844.38 | 709.32 million | 51 |
| A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. | 3DXE7 | 545,846,655.55 | 545.85 million | 37 |
| LEACHGARNER, INC. | 1A447 | 512,446,563.08 | 512.45 million | 45 |
| BANK OF MONTREAL | 7UYE8 | 162,194,884.23 | 162.19 million | 15 |
| STERN/LEACH COMPANY | 1A447 | 130,908,354.34 | 130.91 million | 12 |
| COINS 'N THINGS, INC. | 5ZQW5 | 118,575,307.77 | 118.58 million | 10 |
| GLOBAL ADVANCED METALS USA INC | 7MNJ3 | 13,845,300.00 | 13.85 million | 6 |
Insight
Top obligations under NAICS 331410 are highly concentrated: INTL FCSTONE LTD accounts for $5.58 billion of the $11.12 billion obligated over the last 10 years, or roughly half of total spending, with 1,639 of 2,408 awards. The next two vendors, SUNSHINE MINTING, INC. and STONEX FINANCIAL LTD, bring the cumulative total among the top three to about 79 percent of obligations, indicating a narrow vendor base dominates activity in this NAICS. Award volume is also skewed toward smaller recurring obligations, as the top 10 vendors account for 2,069 awards but span a wide range of obligation levels.
Annual Trend
SELECT
year,
total_obligated,
award_count,
formatReadableQuantity(total_obligated) AS total_obligated_readable
FROM
(
SELECT
toYear(parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate)) AS year,
sum(content__award__dollarValues__obligatedAmount) AS total_obligated,
count() AS award_count
FROM fpds.data
WHERE
contract_type = 1
AND content__award__productOrServiceInformation__principalNAICSCode = '331410'
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) >= toStartOfYear(now()) - INTERVAL 10 YEAR
AND parseDateTimeBestEffortOrNull(content__award__relevantContractDates__signedDate) < toStartOfYear(now())
GROUP BY year
)
ORDER BY year DESC| Year | Total Obligated | Readable | Award Actions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1,255,516,437.67 | 1.26 billion | 358 |
| 2024 | 1,298,782,725.46 | 1.30 billion | 265 |
| 2023 | 1,975,023,274.30 | 1.98 billion | 445 |
| 2022 | 2,051,804,469.03 | 2.05 billion | 459 |
| 2021 | 1,957,811,558.10 | 1.96 billion | 425 |
| 2020 | 1,401,986,289.84 | 1.40 billion | 216 |
| 2019 | 336,617,261.57 | 336.62 million | 57 |
| 2018 | 73,583,860.37 | 73.58 million | 42 |
| 2017 | 306,339,826.80 | 306.34 million | 68 |
| 2016 | 471,457,276.81 | 471.46 million | 74 |
Insight
Obligations under NAICS 331410 total $11.12 billion across 2,408 awards over the last 10 years, with an average award value of $4.62 million. Spending was highly concentrated in the most recent five years, led by 2022 ($2.05 billion, 459 awards), 2023 ($1.98 billion, 445 awards), and 2021 ($1.96 billion, 425 awards), indicating a sustained period of elevated obligation volume. Prior to 2020, annual obligations were materially lower, ranging from $73.58 million in 2018 to $471.46 million in 2016, with a notable increase beginning in 2020 ($1.40 billion, 216 awards). In 2025, obligations remained elevated at $1.26 billion across 358 awards, though below the 2021–2023 peak levels.
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